Adaptive Synthetic Inertia Control Framework for Distributed Energy Resources in Low-Inertia Microgrid

Bulk integration of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) into the power grids reduces system’s inherent inertial response.The reduced response causes a high Rate-of-Change-of-Frequency (RoCoF) and poses formidable operational challenges for grid frequency stability. Interconnections around world comprehend role value Synthetic Inertia Control (SIC), which is considered as subset Fast Frequency Response (FFR) one potential solutions to arrest RoCoF in low-inertia systems. This paper proposes an intelligent SIC model with adaptive Fuzzy Logic Controller microgrid. The proposed Fuzzy-SIC (FSIC) design optimizes DER output fulfill FFR requirements system various operating conditions. particle swarm optimization algorithm applied tune unit parameters along secondary Proportional–Integral–Derivative control. approach examined control area distinct degrees DERs load. Case studies numerical results demonstrate about 87% improvement nadir comparison without synthetic inertia emulation. Furthermore, robustness evaluated using case time-domain analysis conducted impact incremental on parameters.